lauher
#1For a long time we have been trying to figure out the meaning of the M&C mark that appears on British Army handcuffs for about 80 years, from about 1860 through the time of the first World War.
In my British Handcuffs book I suggested that M&C stood form Ministry and Crown. This is a well known term in Canada and in New Zealand, but references to the term in Britain are scarce. Never-the-less the term made some sense.
However a search of Google books reveals that the term Military and Civil Departments was a standard term used for the various Departments of the Army not directly concerned with warfare.
For example the list shown below from 1855 shown the various groups grouped together under the Military and Civil Departments. The include the Board of Ordnance, the civil war office and war department, the pay office, the judicial office, the military college and military asylum.
There are many other 19th century references to the Military and Civil Departments that can be found via a Google Books search.
So my current theory is that M&C simply stands for the Military and Civil Departments. Comments?
Joe
